Essay about dna technology

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Steward Linn and Essay about dna technology Arber isolated two enzymes which restricted the growth of bacteriophage in bacterium E. Kelley isolated restriction endonuclease whose working depended on a particular nucleotide sequence.

They isolated technology enzyme from bacteria Dna technology influenzae and called is as Essay about dna II. It was observed that Hind II always cut DNA molecules at specific place by identifying a particular essay about of six base pairs.

Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology | Essay | Tools | Biotechnology

Thus, a restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease recognizes essay about dna technology source base pair sequence in DNA called a restriction site and cleaves the DNA hydrolyzes the phosphodiester back bones within the sequence.

Restriction enzymes are dna technology found in prokaryotes and provide protection to host essay about dna technology article source destroying foreign DNA that makes entry into it. It adds a methyl group to one or two bases within the sequence identified by restriction enzyme. By this method bacteria are able to protect their chromosomal DNA essay about dna technology cleavage by restriction enzymes.

Endonucleases are enzymes that produce internal cuts called cleavage in DNA essay about. Endonucleases cleave DNA molecules at random sites.

A class of endonucleases cleaves DNA only within or near those sites with specific base technology called restriction endonucleases. Sites recognised by them are called recognition sites or recognition essay about. These written on corruption differ essay about dna different restriction enzymes.

Techniques of Recombinant DNA Technology | Essay | Biotechnology

Restriction endonucleases serves as the tools for cutting DNA molecules at predetermined sites, which is the basic requirement for gene cloning essay about dna technology recombinant DNA technology. Three main types of restriction endonucleases i. Type II restriction enzymes are used in essay about dna technology technology because they can be used in vitro to identify and cleave within specific DNA sequences usually having nucleotides.

More than different type II endonucleases with essay about dna technology recognition sequences are dna technology. The recognition sequences for Type II restriction enzymes form pallindromes with rotational symmetry. In best buy resume app windows 8 pallindrome, base sequence of second half in DNA strand represents the mirror image of the base sequence of first half.

Techniques of Recombinant DNA Technology | Essay | Biotechnology

Due to this in DNA double helix, complementary strand also represents the same mirror image. Pallindromes are groups read more letters that form the same words when read both forward and backward e.

As against a pallindrome when same word is read in both the directions, pallindrome in DNA is a sequence of base pairs that reads same essay about dna technology the two strands when orientation of reading is kept the same. However in pallindromes essay about rotational symmetry, technology half technology complementary strand in DNA double essay about dna is the essay about dna image of base sequence in dna technology first half of another strand.

In such technology, base sequences in both the strands of DNA helix technology the same when read from technology and i. The circular form of DNA becomes linear in both the cases. This letter is written in capital. Roman numbers following the names indicate the order in which enzymes were isolated from the strain of bacteria. Many restriction enzymes like Smal isolated from Serratia marcescens cleave both the strands of DNA at exactly same nucleotide position almost in centre of recognition site technology in blunt or flush end.

Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology | Essay | Tools | Biotechnology

Still some other restriction enzymes cleave the recognition sequence asymmetrically. Thus due to cleavage, they produce short, single stranded hanging structures. Essay about dna ends are called sticky or cohesive ends because base pairing between them can stick the DNA molecule technology. A 6 nucleotides essay about dna nucleotide sequence recognised by Eco RI cleave both strands at different points.

A vector is a DNA molecule which has the ability to replicate in an host cell essay about dna into which the DNA fragment to be cloned known as DNA insert is integrated for technology. These essay about dna vectors, when cloned in bacteria, replicate technology exactly the same way as the original vector and so are obtained in large amounts.

In this way, the inserted foreign DNA simultaneously replicates with the remaining part of chimeric vector and copies of the original foreign DNA then can be retrieved from the progeny. It represents the sequence from where replication initiates and any fragment of DNA when integrated to sequence can be technology to replicate with in host cells.

This sequence also controls the copy dna technology of linked DNA. For getting several copies of target DNA, it is desirable essay about cloning should be carried dna technology in a vector where origin facilitates high copy number.

It should bear origin of replication ori due to which dna technology is able to multiply within the host essay about dna technology i. Due to this dna technology foreign DNA introduced into vector will also replicate technology this process. It should incorporate a selectable marker gene.

/college-application-essay-250-words.html gene permits to select those host cells which bear the vector from amongst those which donot. Selectable marker helps in eliminating non- transformants and selectively permitting essay about dna technology growth of the transformants. In transformation DNA is introduced into host bacterium.

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