Essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange
Breathing and Respiration, Gas Exchange - Pass My Exams: Easy exam revision notes for GSCE Biology
Cellular respiration involves the breakdown of organic molecules essay about produce ATP. A sufficient supply of oxygen is required for the aerobic respiratory machinery of Kreb's Cycle and the Electron Transport System to efficiently convert stored organic cellular respiration into energy trapped in ATP. Carbon dioxide is and gas exchange generated by cellular metabolism and must be removed from the cell.
There must be an exchange of gases: Animals have organ systems involved in facilitating this gas exchange as well as the transport of gases to and from exchange areas. Single-celled organisms exchange gases directly across their cell membrane.
Essay on the Respiration in Humans: Top 4 Essays | Biology
However, the slow diffusion rate of oxygen relative to carbon dioxide limits the size of single-celled organisms. Simple animals that lack specialized exchange surfaces have flattened, tubular, or thin shaped body plans, which are essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange most efficient for gas exchange.
However, continue reading simple animals are rather small in size. Large animals cannot maintain gas exchange by diffusion across their outer surface. They developed a variety of respiratory surfaces that all increase the surface area for exchange, thus allowing for larger bodies.
A respiratory surface is covered with thin, moist epithelial cells that allow oxygen and essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange dioxide to exchange. Those gases link only cross cell membranes when they this web page dissolved in water or an aqueous solution, thus respiratory surfaces must be moist.
Sponges and jellyfish lack specialized organs for please click for source exchange and take in gases directly from the surrounding water. Cellular respiration and and annelids use their outer essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange as gas exchange surfaces.
Arthropods, annelids, and fish use gills; terrestrial vertebrates utilize internal lungs. Gas exchange systems in several animals.
GAS EXCHANGE
Images from Purves et al. Earthworms have a series of thin-walled blood vessels known as capillaries. Gas exchange occurs at capillaries located see more the body as well gas exchange those in the respiratory surface. Amphibians use their skin as a respiratory surface. Frogs eliminate carbon dioxide 2. Constraints of water loss dictate that terrestrial animals must develop more efficient lungs.
Gills gas exchange increase the surface area for gas exchange. They occur in a variety of animal groups including arthropods essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange some terrestrial crustaceansannelids, fish, and amphibians.
Respiratory System
Gills typically are convoluted outgrowths containing blood vessels covered by a thin epithelial layer. Typically gills are organized into a series of plates and may be internal as in crabs and fish or external to the source as in some amphibians. Gills are very gas exchange at removing essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange from water: Water flows over gills in one direction while blood flows in the opposite direction through gill capillaries.
This countercurrent flow maximizes oxygen transfer. Countercurrent essay about in a fish. Many terrestrial animals have their respiratory surfaces inside the body and connected to the outside by read link series of tubes.
Tracheae are these tubes that essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange air directly gas exchange cells for gas exchange. Spiracles are openings at the body surface that lead to tracheae that branch into smaller tubes known as tracheoles.
Body movements or contractions speed up the rate of diffusion of gases from tracheae into body cells. However, tracheae will not function well in animals whose body is longer than 5 cm.
Essay on the Respiration in Humans: Top 4 Essays | Biology
Respiratory system in an insect. Image from Purves et al. Lungs are ingrowths of the body wall and connect to the outside by as series of tubes and small openings. Lung breathing probably evolved about million years ago. Lungs are not entirely the sole property of vertebrates, some terrestrial snails have a essay about cellular respiration and gas exchange exchange structures similar to those in frogs.
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Lungs in a bird top and amphibian bottom. Functional unit of a mammalian lung. This system includes the lungs, pathways connecting them to the outside environment, and structures in the chest involved with gas exchange air in and out of the lungs.
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In order to see how gas exchange occurs we need to look further into the lungs. Firstly we know that air enters the body through the mouth or nose, from here it moves to the pharynx throat , passes through the larynx voice box and enters the trachea.
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Respiration is the process by which oxygen from the lungs is carried by the blood to the tissues; and carbon dioxide formed in the tissues by metabolic activity is carried by the blood to the lungs and is expired out. Ventilation means the passage of air in and out of lungs during inspiration and expiration respectively. Intrapulmonary gas-mixing or distribution of oxygen-rich inspired air with the air already present in the lungs.
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